• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to an optical filter system for visible light, which has a first average transmittance T 1 between a cutoff wavelength λ G and a wavelength of 700 nm and a second average transmittance T 2 between a wavelength of 380 nm and the cutoff wavelength λ G. The following applies: 410 nm <λ G <520 nm and 0.05 <<0.60. The filter system may be employed in an illumination optical system which may be used to illuminate an object field during a photoinduced-cure plastic processing process.
    公开号:CH712458A2
    申请号:CH00621/17
    申请日:2017-05-09
    公开日:2017-11-15
    发明作者:Wilzbach Marco；Lang Tomas；Schwedes Christian；Kübler Carl；Gängler Peter
    申请人:Zeiss Carl Meditec Ag；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Description: The invention relates to systems and their use for illuminating an object field during a processing process of a photo-induced-curing plastic, in particular during processing of a photo-induced-curing plastic used in dentistry in the region of the teeth.
    In dentistry, photo-induced-curing plastics are used, for example, as a filler. In this case, the photo-induced-curing plastics used are special substances which are plastic in a non-polymerized form and solid in a polymerized form. Polymerization of the respective plastics is activated by irradiation with light of corresponding wavelengths and thereby via activation of photoinitiators present in the plastic. The respective wavelength ranges effective for exciting the polymerization are predominantly to be found in the short-wave range of the visible spectrum (between 380 nm and 520 nm).
    During placement and processing of the photo-induced-curing plastic in an object field, a lighting system is usually used which, while illuminating the object field, should not activate the polymerization of the photo-induced-curing plastic. The light used for the polymerization is conventionally irradiated into the object field after the processing of the plastic via a separate illumination system in order to polymerize and harden the processed plastic.
    A known illumination system comprises a broadband light source and a filter system, wherein the filter system is arranged in a beam path between the broadband light source and the object field. The filter system then transmits only light, which does not lead to a polymerization of the plastic substantially. However, this means that the light available for illuminating the object field has substantial gaps in the visible spectrum, which are to be found, above all, in the short-wave range of the visible spectrum. Thus, the object field can be perceived only under a falsified color impression. In particular, differences in the whiteness between teeth located in the object field and a plastic to be processed appear significantly distorted, which is often perceived as a red shift and, inter alia, makes it difficult to adapt the color of the plastic to the color of the teeth to be treated.
    Accordingly, it is an object of the present invention to provide systems and methods for illuminating an object field during a process of processing a photo-induced-curing plastic. It should be possible during the processing process at a sufficiently high illuminance of the object field a largely unadulterated color impression and early curing of the photo-induced curing plastic be largely avoided, that is, the curing of the photo-induced curing plastic is delayed.
    To achieve the object, an illumination system according to the invention comprises at least one light source and radiates visible light in an object field, which has only a low irradiance for short wavelengths and has a high irradiance for long wavelengths.
    According to embodiments of the invention, a filter system in a transmission range between a cut-off wavelength λβ and a wavelength of 700 nm, a first average transmittance Ti and in a dimming range between a wavelength of 380 nm and the cut-off wavelength λβ a second average transmittance T2 on. It is true that the cut-off wavelength λα is between 410 nm and 520 nm, and a quotient of the second average transmittance T2 and the first average transmittance T-1 assumes a value between 0.05 and 0.60.
    In this case, the first average transmittance T-1 and the second average transmittance T2 can be calculated as follows:
    and where λ is the wavelength; and Τ (λ) is a wavelength-dependent transmittance of the filter system.
    In contrast to conventional so-called "orange filters" allows such a filter system at least a small portion of the short-wave light, which leads to a weak curing of the photo-induced curing plastic pass. This small amount of transmitted short-wave light is chosen so small that the curing of the photo-induced-curing plastic caused by this light does not yet have a significant influence on the processability of the plastic, but significantly improves the color impression obtained on the object. It should be noted that the filter system is not limited to transmission filters by the phrase "pass-band", but may include the filter system as well as reflection filters or the like. The "transmittance" is defined by the proportion of light that is available in one beam path after the corresponding filter system.
    According to embodiments of the filter system is a first average transmittance T-ι greater than 0.7, in particular greater than 0.8 or even greater than 0.9.
    This means that the filter system transmits light with wavelengths from the illumination area largely trans mitted and thus allows a bright illumination of the object field.
    According to embodiments of the filter system, a wavelength-dependent transmittance Τ (λ) of the filter system deviates beyond the dimming range from the second average transmittance T2 or over the illumination range from the first average transmittance T-ι by less than 0, 15, in particular by less than 0.1 or even less than 0.05 from, that is, ΙΤ (λ) - T2I <0.15, 0.1 or 0.05 or IT (λ) - TJ <0 , 15, 0.1 or 0.05.
    Thus, fluctuations in the wavelength-dependent transmittance in the dimming range, or in the illumination range, kept very small, so you can assume the wavelength-dependent transmittance in the dimming range, or in the illumination range, for simplicity's sake as approximately constant.
    According to embodiments of the filter system, the transmission characteristic of the filter system has a transition region between a first wavelength λ-1 and a second wavelength λ2. In this case, the first wavelength λ-ι between 380 nm and the cut-off wavelength λα and the second wavelength λ2 between the cut-off wavelength λα and 700 nm. A difference between the first wavelength λι and the second wavelength λ2 is greater than 20 nm. Within this transition range are Deviations of the wavelength-dependent transmittance Τ (λ) from a wavelength-dependent desired value Τ30ιι (λ) for the respective wavelength λ less than 0.15. In this case, the wavelength-dependent desired value Τ3θΝ (λ) results from an imaginary linear progression of the wavelength-dependent transmittance Τ (λ) in the transitional region between the first wavelength λ- and the second wavelength λ2. That means:
    and ΙΤ (λ) - TS0 | I <0.15 for all λ with λ-ι <λ <λ2.
    Thus, the wavelength-dependent transmittance in the transition region on a ramp-shaped course, wherein the wavelength-dependent transmittance at shorter wavelengths assumes smaller values than at larger wavelengths.
    According to embodiments of the filter system, a difference between the second wavelength λ2 and the first wavelength λ-ι greater than 50 nm and in particular greater than 100 nm.
    This results in a relatively wide transition area, which may also include significant parts of the dimming area.
    According to embodiments of the filter system takes a quotient of the second average transmittance T2 and the first average transmittance T-ι values between 0.15 and 0.35.
    According to embodiments of the filter system, a distance of a color point of the filter system r, which results from the wavelength-dependent transmittance of the filter system in the color space of the CIE (1931) color system T (r), from the white point in the color space of the CIE (1931) - Color system w has a value of at most 0.3. Where: and
    T (r) is the wavelength dependent transmittance of the filter system in the color space of the CIE (1931) color system; f are coordinates in the color space of the CIE (1931) color system; and S is the spectral color line in the color space of the CIE (1931) color system.
    By this special embodiment of the filter system, a transmission of light is possible when using a broadband light source, which allows a relatively near-white illumination of an object field.
    According to embodiments of the filter system, the distance of the color point of the filter system r from the white point w in the color space of the CIE (1931) color system has a value of at most 0.2 and in particular a value of at most 0.1.
    Embodiments of the invention provide an illumination system comprising at least one light source for illuminating an object field and an optical filter system. The filter system may be of the type previously described. The filters of the filter system can be arranged in an illumination beam path between the at least one light source and the object field.
    It should be noted that the light source may be a broadband possible light source in order to set a course of a finally irradiated in the object field wavelength-dependent spectral irradiance as freely as possible by adjusting the filter system.
    According to embodiments of the illumination system, the light source comprises a xenon light source.
    According to embodiments of the invention, an illumination system for illuminating an object field comprises at least one light source. The illumination system is designed to emit light in a plane at a distance of 30 cm from the illumination system, which in a illumination range between a cut-off wavelength λα and a wavelength of 700 nm a first average spectral irradiance Ei and in a dimming range between a Wavelength of 380 nm and the cut-off wavelength λα has a second average spectral irradiance E2. In this case, the cut-off wavelength λα is between 410 nm and 520 nm, and a quotient of the second mean spectral irradiance E2 and the first mean spectral irradiance assumes a value between 0.05 and 0.60.
    It should be noted that in the case of the dental application described above, the plane lies in an object field in which the photo-induced-curing resin is to be processed, and the distance between the plane and the illumination system from the plane to one of the plane nearest component of the lighting system is measured.
    In this case, the first average spectral irradiance E-i and the second average spectral irradiance E2 can be determined analogously to the first average transmittance E2 and the second average transmittance T2 via integration over the corresponding wavelength ranges.
    By such a kind of lighting system, it is on the one hand possible to illuminate the object field over the entire visible wavelength range from 380 nm to 700 nm with a sufficient brightness and at a high color rendering index (CRI), while the lower second average spectral irradiance In the dimming range, curing of a photo-induced curing plastic in the object field is essentially not yet caused. This makes it possible for a treating person to perceive the object field in a largely undistorted color impression and under sufficient brightness and yet to have enough time to process the photo-induced-curing plastic in the object field in a clinically relevant processing time.
    The color rendering index (CRI) can be determined via a spectral measurement of the illumination system and a subsequent implementation of numerical methods. In this case, these methods represent a comparison of the measured spectrum with a corresponding reference spectrum in order finally to determine, for given test colors (cf., for example, DIN 616 914), in each case their own color rendering indices. The overall color rendering index (CRI) of the illumination system then results from arithmetic averaging of the respectively determined color rendering indices.
    According to embodiments of the illumination system, a first irradiation intensity irradiated over the illumination region h = Ei · (700 nm-λβ) is greater than 10 W / m 2, preferably greater than 50 W / m 2 or more preferably greater than 150 W / m2.
    This ensures that the illumination system irradiates enough light into the plane over the illumination area to be able to observe the object field at a sufficient brightness.
    According to embodiments of the illumination system, the irradiation characteristic of the illumination system has a transition region between a third wavelength λ3 and a fourth wavelength λ4. In this case, the third wavelength λ3 is between 380 nm and the cutoff wavelength λα and the fourth wavelength λ4 between the cutoff wavelength λα and 700 nm. A difference between the third wavelength λ3 and the fourth wavelength λ4 is greater than 20 nm. Within this transition range are deviations of wavelength-dependent spectral irradiance Ε (λ) of a wavelength-dependent setpoint ΕΞθΜ (λ) for the respective wavelength λ less than 0.15 W / m2nm. Here, the wavelength-dependent desired value Ε30ιι (λ) for the respective irradiance on a fiction of a linear curve of the wavelength-dependent spectral irradiance Ε (λ) in the transition region between the third wavelength λ3 and the fourth wavelength λ4 results. That means: and
    Thus, the wavelength-dependent spectral irradiance Ε (λ), which is irradiated by the illumination system in the plane, in the transition region on a ramp-shaped course, the wavelength-dependent spectral irradiance at shorter wavelengths assumes smaller values than at larger wavelengths.
    According to embodiments of the illumination system, the difference between the fourth wavelength λ4 and the third wavelength λ3 is more than 50 nm and in particular more than 100 nm.
    This results in a relatively wide transition area, which may also include significant parts of the dimming area.
    According to embodiments of the illumination system, the quotient of the second average spectral irradiance E 2 and the first mean spectral irradiance E i has a value between 0.15 and 0.35.
    According to embodiments of the illumination system, a distance of the determined by the wavelength-dependent spectral irradiance E (r), which is irradiated by the illumination system in the plane, color point r in the color space of the CIE (1931) color system of the white point w in the color space of CIE (1931) color system has a value of at most 0.3. In this case, the color point r for the spectral irradiance can be determined analogously to the color point for the transmittance via a corresponding integration and subsequent normalization.
    By this particular embodiment of the wavelength-dependent spectral irradiance lighting is guaranteed, which illuminates the object field as neutral as possible color and thus allows a largely unadulterated color impression on the object field.
    According to embodiments of the illumination system, the distance of the color point r determined by the wavelength-dependent spectral irradiance E (r) from the white point ψ in the color space of the CIE (1931) color system has a value of at most 0.2 and in particular a value of at most 0.1.
    According to embodiments of the illumination system, the illumination system comprises a plurality of light sources whose emission spectra differ from each other. In this case, the first light sources, whose largest part of the respective emission spectrum lies in the dimming range and not in the illumination range, emit an irradiation intensity in an operating mode in the plane which corresponds at the most to 20 percent of the irradiance generated by second light sources, the majority of which respective emission spectrum in the illumination area and not in the dimming area, is radiated in the plane.
    This effectively means that the first light sources are dimmed with respect to the second light sources in order to obtain the irradiation characteristic according to the invention in the plane and thus at the object field.
    According to embodiments of the illumination system, an irradiation intensity l 2 radiated in the plane with the distance of 30 cm to the illumination system over the wavelengths of the dimming range is less than 6 W / m 2. Where:
    λ is the wavelength; and Ε (λ) is the wavelength-dependent spectral irradiance radiated by the in-plane illumination system.
    This ensures that a curing process of a photo-induced-curing plastic, which is in the plane, only very slowly vonstattengeht, leaving enough time for processing of the photo-induced-curing plastic before the photo-induced-curing plastic essential signs of Curing has.
    According to embodiments of the illumination system, the illumination system further comprises a controller, which is adapted to put the illumination system in two different modes of operation. In this case, the irradiation intensity 12 irradiated in a first operating mode in the plane at a distance of 30 cm from the illumination system over the wavelengths of the dimming range is less than 15 W / m 2, and in particular less than 10 W / m 2 or even less than 6 W / m2. In a second mode of operation, the irradiance l 2 irradiated in the plane at a distance of 30 cm from the illumination system over the dimming range is greater than 15 W / m 2, and in particular greater than 30 W / m 2 or even greater than 50 W / m 2.
    Thus, it is possible during use of the illumination system in the first operating mode to obtain an inventive illumination of the object field and thus to be able to observe the photo-induced-curing plastic with sufficient brightness and a relatively high color rendering index with sufficient time for processing during processing. If the processing of the photo-induced-curing plastic is finally completed, or if brighter illumination of the object field is required, the lighting system can be set to the second operating mode via the controller. In this case, however, the photo-induced-curing plastic is excited with the now irradiating light from the short-wave wavelength range (dimming range) for polymerization and thus for curing. Thus, the lighting system has a first mode of operation for illumination during processing of a photo-induced curing plastic and a second mode of operation for normal light illumination, which eliminates the need for an additional illumination system for normal light illumination.
    According to embodiments, the illumination system comprises an actuator which is adapted to arrange for the first operating mode filter of the illumination system in an illumination beam path between the light source and the plane and for the second operating mode, the filters of the illumination system from the beam path between the light source and the Level to remove, wherein the controller is adapted to control the actuator.
    This embodiment represents an example of a conversion of the operating modes in an illumination system, which comprises a broadband light source and a correspondingly adapted filter system.
    According to embodiments of the invention, the illumination system comprises a plurality of light sources whose emission spectra differ from each other. In this case, first light sources, whose majority of the respective emission spectrum is in the dimming range and not in the illumination range, are dimmed by at least 80 percent during operation in the first operating mode compared to operation in the second operating mode, the controller being designed to control the Dimming the first light sources to control.
    This embodiment represents an example of a conversion of the operating modes in an illumination system, which comprises a plurality of different types of light sources and substantially no filters.
    According to embodiments of the illumination system, the illumination system is designed so that in the plane with the distance of 30 cm to the illumination system by the illumination system an illuminance Ev of at least 10 kLux is achieved. Where:
    where λ is a wavelength; and Ε (λ) is the wavelength-dependent spectral irradiance radiated by the in-plane illumination system.
    This embodiment ensures a sufficiently bright illumination of the object field.
    According to embodiments of the invention, the illumination system is used for illuminating an object field during processing of a photoinduced-curing plastic in the object field.
    [0053] According to exemplary embodiments, the photo-induced-curing plastic comprises lucirin TPO, phenylpropanedione, ivocerin and / or camphorquinone.
    The photoinitiators mentioned represent the photoinitiators currently used most frequently in dentistry.
    According to exemplary embodiments, the photo-induced-curing resin is attached to a tooth.
    According to exemplary embodiments, an effective irradiance ℓ2; eff irradiated across the dimming range, which results in curing of the photo-induced-curing resin, is smaller than 6 W / m2. Where: λ is the wavelength; Ε (λ) is the wavelength-dependent spectral irradiance irradiated by the illumination system in the object field; and Α (λ) is a wavelength-dependent absorption of the photo-induced-curing plastic present in the object field.
    Thus, it is possible to prevent too rapid hardening of a photo-induced-curing resin in the object field and thus have enough time to process the photo-induced-curing resin. The absorption curves of the most well-known in dentistry use plastics are shown in attached figures.
    According to exemplary embodiments, an effective dose D2; eff irradiated to the photo-induced-curing plastic over the dimming range during illumination of the object field is less than 360 J / m2. Where: λ is the wavelength; t is a duration of illumination of the object field with the illumination system; Ε (λ) is the wavelength-dependent spectral irradiance irradiated by the illumination system in the object field; and Α (λ) is the wavelength-dependent absorption of a photoinduced cured plastic in the object field.
    This means that the object field and thus the photo-induced-curing plastic is illuminated only as long as the illumination system, as long as a substantial curing of the plastic is not yet visible.
    According to exemplary embodiments, a color rendering index obtained during use of the illumination system in the object field is greater than 60, preferably greater than 70, more preferably greater than 80, and most preferably greater than 90.
    According to exemplary embodiments, an illuminance Ev obtained during use of the illumination system in the object field is greater than 10 kLux. Where:
    where λ is the wavelength; and Ε (λ) is the wavelength-dependent spectral irradiance radiated by the illumination system in the object field.
    This ensures a sufficiently bright illumination of the object field.
    According to exemplary embodiments, the cut-off wavelength λβ is selected such that it lies at a wavelength for which the wavelength-dependent spectral irradiance Ε (λ) lies just in the middle between the first mean spectral irradiance E-1 and the second mean spectral irradiance E2, that is, E (Aq) = (E1 + E2) / 0.5.
    This ensures that the cut-off wavelength defines the transition between the dimming range and the illumination range and is not chosen arbitrarily.
    According to embodiments of the invention, an observation system comprises a light source for illuminating an object field, a filter system according to the invention and an imaging optics for imaging the object field, wherein the optical filter system is arranged in a beam path between the light source and the object field.
    According to embodiments of the invention, an observation system comprises an illumination system according to the invention and an imaging optics for imaging the object field.
    Exemplary embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to figures:
    Fig. 1 shows an exemplary embodiment of an optical observation system according to an embodiment of the invention Ausfüh;
    Fig. 2 is graphs showing an emission spectrum of a broadband light source and a transmission characteristic of a filter system;
    Figures 3A to 3D show absorption curves of commonly used photoinitiators;
    Fig. 4 is an illustration of the color space of the CIE (1931) color system;
    FIGS. 5A and 5B show example transmission characteristics of filter systems according to embodiments of the invention;
    FIGS. 6A and 6B show example transmission characteristics of filter systems according to embodiments of the invention; and
    Fig. 7 shows graphs illustrating emission spectra of different light sources and a transmission characteristic of a filter system.
    Fig. 1 shows an exemplary embodiment of the invention as an observation system. In this case, the exemplary observation system comprises an illumination system 11 and an imaging optics 23. The illumination system is aligned with teeth 7 in the head 3 of a patient on which a photo-induced curing plastic is applied for processing. An object plane 8, in which the teeth 7 of the patient lie, has along a beam path 17 to the object plane 8 nearest component of the illumination system 11, which is designed here as a transmission filter 19, a distance d, which in the present example 30 cm is. A light source 13 emits light, which is formed via a parabolic reflection mirror 15 to a light beam 17 and directed to the object plane 8. In the present example, the light source is designed as a xenon light source, wherein as a light source, other light sources with a sufficiently strong emission in the visible spectrum can be used. A transmission filter 19 can be arranged with the aid of an actuator 20 in a beam path from the light source 13 to the object field 8, which is indicated by a double arrow 16 in order to filter the light emitted by the light source 13 before it strikes the object field 8. In order to facilitate handling of the lighting system 11, the lighting system 11 is mounted on a tripod 21 which is secured to a ceiling or floor of the treatment room. About the tripod, the illumination system 11 can be brought into a desired orientation with respect to the object field and finally fixed in this. For observing the object field, the observation system has the imaging optics 23. An attending person can then observe the object field 8 through an eyepiece 27 of the imaging optics 23. Similar to the illumination system 11, the imaging optics 23 are fixed to a stand 25 on the ceiling or at the bottom of the treatment room.
    In the illustrated example, the imaging optics 23 and the observation system 11 are housed in separate housings carried by separate tripods. However, it is also possible to accommodate the imaging optics and the observation system in a common housing, which is supported on a single tripod.
    In order to be able to observe the object field 8 with sufficient brightness and color fidelity, and without causing any premature hardening of the photo-induced-curing plastic, the illumination system 11 could be designed as follows.
    FIG. 2 shows an exemplary emission characteristic θθι (λ) of the light source 13 and an exemplary transmission characteristic Τ (λ) of the transmission filter 19 in the form of graphs which have a spectral irradiance E in ^ or a transmittance T (dimensionless) as a function of indicate the wavelength λ in nm. In addition, a spectral irradiance Ε (λ) is shown, which would finally be irradiated by the exemplary illumination system 11 in the object field.
    The emission characteristic ΕΒ6! (Λ) has an approximately constant value for the wavelengths from 420 nm to 705 nm. In a direct illumination of the object field by the light source, this would lead to a rapid curing of the photo-induced curing plastic due to a significant irradiation with short wavelength light, which generally leads to the curing of a photo-induced curing plastic. To prevent this, a wavelength-dependent transmittance Τ (λ) of the transmission filter 19 in a transmission range between a cut-off wavelength λeg and a wavelength of 700 nm has a first transmittance T-1 and in a dimming range between 380 nm and the cut-off wavelength λα second transmittance T2. In this case, the cut-off wavelength λα is chosen such that light with wavelengths below the cut-off wavelength λα causes curing of the photo-induced-curing plastic and light with wavelengths above the cut-off wavelength λα does not cause curing of the photo-induced-curing plastic. In addition, the second transmittance T2 with an exemplary value of 0.2 is significantly smaller than the first transmittance T1, which has an exemplary value of 1.0, and yet significantly greater than zero. If the transmission filter 19 is now arranged in the beam path between the light source 13 and the object plane 8 as described, short-wave light with wavelengths from the dimming range of the transmission filter reaches the object plane only with a significantly reduced spectral irradiance, while light with wavelengths from the illumination Area of the transmission filter still has a very high irradiance in the object field. Thus, in the object plane light arrives with a spectral irradiance shown in graph Ε (λ). On the one hand, the substantially low irradiation intensity Ε (λ) in the dimming range (compared to the illumination range) thus obtained in the object field does not yet cause any substantial hardening of the photo-induced-curing plastic. On the other hand, the comparatively high irradiance Ε (λ) in the illumination region allows a high illuminance in the object field, which is necessary for a detailed observation of the object field. A falsification of a color impression on the object, which would be caused by the comparatively high irradiance in the illumination region, is thereby compensated as far as possible by the remaining irradiation intensity Ε (λ) irradiated across the dimming region (see T2 = 0.2), which allows a largely color neutral illumination of the object field.
    This makes it possible to illuminate the object field and thus the photo-induced-curing plastic in the object field sufficiently bright and neutral in color, without causing a substantial hardening of the photo-induced-curing plastic.
    In order to obtain the best possible illumination, the cut-off wavelength AG must be adapted as well as possible to the respective photo-induced-curing plastic to be processed in the object field.
    Figures 3A to 3D show absorption curves of some photoinitiators commonly used in dentistry used in photo-induced curing plastics to activate polymerization, in the form of graphs which have a relative intensity of 3 (dimensionless) versus wavelength λ in nm. While for Lucirin TPO (see Fig. 3A) a suitable cutoff wavelength λα could be, for example, 430 nm, a suitable cutoff wavelength λα for phenylpropanedione (see Fig. 3B) at about 490 nm, for camphorquinone (Camphorquinone ) (see Fig. 3C) at about 510 nm and for Ivocerin (see Fig. 3D) at about 450 nm.
    Fig. 4 shows, with the color space of the CIE (1931) color system, an alternative to the CRI color rendering index to evaluate color neutrality (or color rendering) of a system. In order to be able to make the corresponding assessment, an x-coordinate and a y-coordinate of a color point r of an illumination system (or a filter system) in the color space of the CIE (1931) color system must be integrated and then normalized to a wavelength-dependent spectral irradiance (resp of a transmittance) along a spectral color line S in the color space of the CIE (1931) color system
    E (r) is the wavelength-dependent spectral irradiance Ε (λ) in the color space of the CIE (1931) color system, which is irradiated by the illumination system in an object plane; r are coordinates in the color space of the CIE (1931) color system; and S is the spectral color line in the color space of the CIE (1931) color system.
    A distance of the color point r thus obtained from the white point w in the color space of the CIE (1931) color system then indicates how color-neutral the illumination system (or the filter system) is. If the distance is less than 0.3 or less than 0.2 or even less than 0.1, it can be assumed that the illumination system (or the filter system) has a considerable color neutrality.
    In order to meet certain requirements for average transmittances T-1 and T2 of filter systems, wavelength-dependent transmittances Τ (λ) can be formed in various ways. The same applies to wavelength-dependent spectral irradiances of lighting systems.
    FIGS. 5A and 5B and FIGS. 6A and 6B show transmission curves Τ (λ) of exemplary filter systems in the form of graphs which indicate a transmittance T (dimensionless) as a function of the wavelength λ in nm. It should be noted that the phrase "transmission curve" is not limited to a component implementation of the filter system and the filter system may also include without further reflection filter or similar.
    The wavelength-dependent transmittance Τ (λ) of FIG. 5A starts at a wavelength of 380 nm with a value of about 0.35, and then approaches a much lower value of about 0.14 as the wavelength increases. At the cut-off wavelength λ G, the wavelength-dependent transmittance Τ (λ) then jumps to a significantly higher value of about 0.78. Starting from this higher value, the wavelength-dependent transmittance Τ (λ) with larger wavelengths continues to increase and finally approaches an even higher value of about 0.95. Such a type of transmission filter could be advantageous, for example, when working with photoinduced thermosetting resins which have camphorquinone (compare Fig. 3C), since at the wavelengths from 380 nm to 430 nm, for which camphor quinone has only a lower absorption increased (compared to the wavelengths of 430 nm to 490 nm) spectral irradiance is irradiated in the object field and so color reproduction in the object field can be significantly improved without causing substantial curing of the photo-induced curing plastic in the object field.
    FIG. 5B shows a further wavelength-dependent transmittance Τ (λ), in which case the transmittance Τ (λ) increases steadily up to a wavelength of approximately 550 nm with the wavelength. At wavelengths above 555 nm then occur significant fluctuations in the wavelength-dependent transmittance Τ (λ). Such a course is conceivable in filter systems in which an exact progression of the transmittance Τ (λ) in the curvilinear region up to, for example, 555 nm is very important and a variation of the transmittance Τ (λ) in the long-wave region above, for example, 555 nm is not the same must be well defined.
    FIG. 6A shows another exemplary highly idealized wavelength-dependent transmittance Τ (λ), which has a transition region between a first wavelength λ-1 and a second wavelength λ2. It should be noted that the cut-off wavelength λ G, which separates a passage region (above the cut-off wavelength) from a dimming range (below the cut-off wavelength), lies between the first wavelength λ 1 and the second wavelength λ 2. In this case, a corresponding filter system has a first average transmittance T-i over the passage range, which is substantially greater than a second average transmittance T2 of the dimming range. In the transition region, the wavelength-dependent transmittance Τ (λ) is very steep and linear with respect to the wavelength, thus achieving a relatively abrupt and well-defined transition from the dimming region to the transmission region.
    FIG. 6B shows a further wavelength-dependent transmittance Τ (λ), in which case the two wavelengths λ-1 and λ2 are significantly further apart than in FIG. 6A. This results in a relatively wide transition range. In the transitional region between the first wavelength λ-1 and the second wavelength, the wavelength-dependent transmittance Τ (λ) shown here does not exactly follow a linear progression, which is indicated by the graph Τ3θΝ (λ), where:
    However, all values Τ (λ) lie within a narrow corridor around the linear graph ΤΞΟιι (λ):
    (indicated by the dot-dashed line) with which the wavelength-dependent transmittance Τ (λ) can be approximated over the transition region for simplicity as linearly increasing with the wavelength λ. Again, it should be noted that the cut-off wavelength λ E between the first cut-off wavelength λ-ι and the second Grenzwel
    权利要求:
    Claims (16)
    [1]
    len length λ2 and a passage area with a first average transmittance T-ι = 0.8 of a dimming range with a second average transmittance T2 = 0.18 separates, wherein the first average transmittance Ti is significantly greater than the second middle Transmittance T2 and the second average transmittance T2 is still significantly greater than zero. In addition to the exemplary transmission curves shown, many other transmission curves are conceivable which still correspond to the spirit of the invention. Fig. 7 shows emission curves (R, G, B) of three different light sources and average spectral irradiances (Ei and E2) of an illumination system according to another embodiment of the invention in the form of graphs, which have a relative spectral irradiance Erei (dimensionless) or indicate a spectral irradiance E in as a function of the wavelength λ in nm. A first light source is a red LED whose relative spectral irradiance is indicated by the graph R. A second light source is a green LED whose relative spectral irradiance is indicated by the graph G. The red LED and the green LED radiate at about the same maximum spectral irradiance to provide approximately the same irradiance in each object field. A third light source is a blue LED whose relative spectral irradiance is indicated by the graph B. In this case, a maximum spectral irradiance of the blue LED compared to the spectral irradiances of the red and the green LED is significantly lowered, which can be achieved for example by dimming the blue LED. As a combination of the three different light sources, the illumination system (consisting of the three LEDs) has a first average spectral irradiance E-1 in an illumination range from a cut-off wavelength λα to a wavelength of 700 nm. In the process, this first average spectral irradiance E-1 is predominantly fed by light from the red and the green LEDs. Over a dimming range from 380 nm to the cut-off wavelength λα, a second average spectral irradiance E 2 results. It should be noted that this second average spectral irradiance is essentially fed by light from the blue LED. The second average spectral irradiance E2 is considerably smaller than the first mean spectral irradiance Ε-ι; thus retarding the curing of a photo-induced-curing plastic while allowing bright and color-neutral illumination of an object field. As already described above, the cut-off wavelength λα is adapted to a photo-induced-curing plastic to be illuminated. Such a lighting system, which consists of three or more different and separately controllable light sources, has considerable advantages. On the one hand, the spectral irradiation intensities radiated by the red LED and the green LED in an object field can be selected so high that the object field is illuminated with a sufficiently high illuminance. On the other hand, the blue LED can be dimmed independently of these two other LEDs so far that, on the one hand, curing of the photoinduced-curing plastic to be illuminated is delayed and, on the other hand, a whitish-like overall color impression in the object field is produced. It is not necessary to develop a special kind of filter system and adapt to individual photo-induced-from-curing plastics, since an adaptation of a respective photo-induced curing plastic over a mere adjustment of the irradiance of the individual light sources (R, G, B). Such a lighting system may have multiple modes of operation, with the blue LED irradiating the object field in, for example, an operating mode having the same maximum irradiance as the red and green LEDs, while being dimmed by at least 80% in another mode of operation to provide an irradiance of less than 20% of the irradiance with which the red and green LEDs irradiate the object field to radiate onto the object field. claims
    1. An optical filter system for visible light, which in a wavelength range of 380 nm to 700 nm has the following transmission characteristic: a transmission range - between a cut-off wavelength λα - and a wavelength of 700 nm, - wherein the transmission range between the cut-off wavelength λα and the wavelength of 700 nm has a first average transmittance T-ι; and a dimming range - between a wavelength of 380 nm - and the cutoff wavelength λα, - wherein the dimming range between the wavelength of 380 nm and the cutoff wavelength λα has a second average transmittance T2;

    where: and
    [2]
    2. The optical filter system of claim 1, wherein the transmission characteristic of the filter system has a transition region extending between a first wavelength Ax and a second wavelength A2, where:

    and where Τ (λ) is a wavelength-dependent transmittance of the filter system.


    [3]
    The optical filter system of claim 1 or 2, wherein: and wherein T (r) is the wavelength-dependent transmittance of the filter system in the color space of the CIE (1931) color system; r are coordinates in the color space of the CIE (1931) color system; S is the spectral color line in the color space of the CIE (1931) color system; and w The white point in the color space of the CIE (1931) color system.
    [4]
    4. An optical illumination system for illuminating an object field with visible light in a wavelength range of 380 nm to 700 nm, wherein the illumination system comprises at least one light source and in a plane with a distance of 30 cm to the illumination system has the following irradiation characteristic: a lighting area - between a cut-off wavelength λα and a wavelength of 700 nm, wherein a first average spectral irradiance Ei is irradiated onto the plane over the illumination range by the illumination system; a dimming range - between a wavelength of 380 nm - and the cut-off wavelength λα,

    wherein, over the dimming area, a second average spectral irradiance E2 is radiated onto the plane by the illumination system; where: and


    [5]
    5. An illumination optical system according to claim 4, wherein: and and in particular
    [6]
    6. An illumination optical system according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the irradiation characteristic of the illumination system has a transition region extending between a third wavelength λ3 and a fourth wavelength A4, wherein: and

    Ε (λ) is a wavelength-dependent spectral irradiance, which is radiated by the illumination system in the plane.
    [7]
    7. An illumination optical system according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein:

    and wherein E (r) is wavelength dependent spectral irradiance in the color space of the CIE (1931) color system irradiated by the in-plane illumination system; r are coordinates in the color space of the CIE (1931) color system; S is the spectral color line in the color space of the CIE (1931) color system; and w The white point in the color space of the CIE (1931) color system.
    [8]
    8. An illumination optical system according to any one of claims 4 to 7, wherein the illumination system comprises a plurality of light sources whose emission spectra are different from each other, wherein first light sources, the majority of the respective emission spectrum is in the dimming range and not in the illumination range, in an operating mode irradiate in the plane an irradiance, which corresponds to at most 20 percent of that irradiance, which is radiated by second light sources, the majority of the respective emission spectrum in the illumination area and not in the dimming area, in the plane.


    [9]
    The illumination optical system according to any one of claims 4 to 8, wherein the illumination system is arranged to have a plane at a distance of 30 cm from the illumination system q and: and in particular wherein λ is a wavelength; and Ε (λ) is a wavelength-dependent spectral irradiance radiated by the in-plane illumination system.
    [10]
    10. An illumination optical system according to claim 4, further comprising a controller configured to set the illumination system in two different modes of operation, wherein in a first mode of operation in the plane at a distance of 30 cm from the illumination system: and especially

    and in a second operating mode in the plane with the distance of 30 cm to the illumination system: and in particular


    [11]
    11. An optical illumination system according to claim 10, further comprising an actuator which is adapted to arrange during the first mode of operation filters of the illumination system in an illumination beam path between the light source and the plane and during the second mode of operation, the filters of the illumination system from the beam path between the light source and the level to remove, wherein the controller is adapted to control the actuator.
    [12]
    12. An optical illumination system according to claim 10 or 11, wherein the illumination system comprises a plurality of light sources whose emission spectra differ from each other, wherein irradiances of first light sources, the majority of the respective emission spectrum in the dimming area and not in the illumination area, during operation are reduced by at least 80 percent in the first mode of operation as compared to operation in the second mode of operation, the controller being configured to control a decrease in the respective irradiances of the first light sources.
    [13]
    13. Use of the illumination optical system according to one of claims 4 to 12 for illuminating an object field during processing of a photoinduced-curing plastic in the object field, wherein the photoin-duced-hardening plastic in particular Lucirin TPO and / or Phenylpropanedion and / or Ivocerin and / or Camphorquinone, and wherein the photo-induced curing resin is attached in particular to a tooth.


    [14]
    Use according to claim 13, wherein: and wherein λ is a wavelength; Ε (λ) is a wavelength-dependent spectral irradiance, which is radiated by the illumination system in the object field; and Α (λ) is a wavelength-dependent absorption of a photoinduced-curing plastic in the object field.


    [15]
    Use according to claim 13 or 14, wherein: and wherein λ is a wavelength; t is a duration of illumination of the object field with the illumination system; Ε (λ) is a wavelength-dependent spectral irradiance, which is radiated by the illumination system in the object field; and Α (λ) is a wavelength-dependent absorption of a photoinduced-curing plastic in the object field.
    [16]
    16. An optical observation system, comprising: imaging optics for imaging an object field; a light source for illuminating the object field; and an optical filter system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the optical filter system is disposed in a beam path between the light source and the object field, or an illumination optical system according to any one of claims 4 to 12.
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DE102016005806.4A|DE102016005806A1|2016-05-11|2016-05-11|Systems and methods for illuminating an object field during a process of processing a photo-induced-curing plastic|
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